Lapho sicela u-Ocean ukuthi ancome imbiza yokuhlunga amanzi, samane sayeka, ngakho nansi izinketho esizihlolisisile.
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Ukuhlala unamanzi kubonakala kuyinselele eqhubekayo—okungenani uma ubheka ukuthandwa kwamabhodlela amanzi angangegaloni namabhodlela asho ukuthi kufanele uphuze ama-ounces amangaki ngesikhathi esithile—futhi imbiza yamanzi ehlungiwe ingakusiza uhlale uphilile. Ukuhlangabezana nemigomo yakho yamanzi yansuku zonke kungenziwa kalula nangendlela engabizi ngokukhetha amabhodlela amanzi ahlungiwe esikhundleni samabhodlela alahlwayo. Empeleni, amabhodlela amanzi ahlungiwe athuthukisa ukunambitheka kanye nephunga lamanzi akho ompompi. Amanye amamodeli anganciphisa nokungcola okufana nezinsimbi ezisindayo, amakhemikhali noma amapulasitiki amancane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi wena, ugcwalisa umshini wekhofi, noma ulungiselela ukupheka, sihlole izinketho eziningi ukuze sithole imbiza yamanzi ehlungiwe efanelekile kuwe.
Amanzi avela ezitshalweni zokuhlanza amanzi zomphakathi e-United States abhekwa njengezinye zezindawo eziphephile kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa okuhlukile njengothofu eFlint, eMichigan, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kungenza abantu babe nexhala. Sigxile ezitsheni zokuhlunga amanzi ezikhiqiza amanzi aqabulayo nahlanzekile. Ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bezihlungi eziningi buyafana, yize ezinye zinciphisa noma zisusa ezinye izinto ezingaba khona ezingcolisayo kanti ezinye zenzelwe ukulondoloza amaminerali amahle kuwe. Siphinde sigcizelele ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana noma uqinisekiswe yizindinganiso ezibekwe yi-National Science Foundation/National Standards Institute kanye ne-Water Quality Association, ababuyekezi bezinkampani zangaphandle abazimele.
Ama-pitcher amaningi okuhlunga amanzi anomklamo ofanayo: ithangi eliphezulu nelingezansi elinesihlungi phakathi. Thela amanzi ompompi engxenyeni ephezulu bese ulinda amandla adonsela phansi ukuthi awadonsele esihlungini aye engxenyeni engezansi. Kodwa kunezinye izinketho eziningi, njengokuthola ukuthi umndeni wakho usebenzisa amanzi angakanani nokuthi unesikhala esingakanani esiqandisini sakho. Ngaphandle kwezindleko ze-pitcher, udinga futhi ukucabangela izindleko zezihlungi kanye nenani lamagaloni abangawahlanza ngaphambi kokuwashintsha (ngoba abanye bethu bathanda kakhulu ukugcwalisa amabhodlela ethu amanzi njalo).
I-Brita Large Water Filter Pitcher iyisitsha sethu esingcono kakhulu sokuhlunga amanzi ngoba sinomthamo omkhulu wezinkomishi eziyi-10, singabizi, futhi sinesihlungi esihlala isikhathi eside. Isivalo sejagi esinama-hinge, esaziwa ngokuthi i-Tahoe, sikuvumela ukuthi usigcwalise ngokushesha kunamamodeli adinga ukuthi ususe lonke ingaphezulu. Iphinde ibe nesibani esibonisa ukuthi isihlungi silungile, siyasebenza, noma sidinga ukushintshwa.
Sincoma i-Elite Retrofit Filter, eqinisekisiwe ukunciphisa i-lead, i-mercury, i-BPA, kanye nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane kanye namakhemikhali ahlala njalo. Ibamba ukungcola okuningi kune-white filter ejwayelekile futhi ihlala izinyanga eziyisithupha—isikhathi esiphindwe kathathu. Kodwa-ke, amanye amakhasimende aphawula ukuthi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa i-filter ingavaleka, inciphise isikhathi sayo sokuphila. Uma ungadingi ukushintsha noma yini maduze, izindleko zonyaka ze-filters zizoba cishe u-$35.
Abantu abaningi bayazi i-LifeStraw ngezihlungi zayo zamanzi ezisindisa impilo kanye nezihlungi zokukhempa, kodwa inkampani iphinde iklame imikhiqizo emihle nephumelelayo yekhaya lakho. I-LifeStraw Home Water Filtration Pitcher ithengiswa cishe ngama-$65 futhi itholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene ebhodleleni lengilazi eliyindilinga lesimanje elingakhanga abantu abazama ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki emakhaya abo. Ikesi le-silicone elihambisanayo limnandi uma ulithinta, livikela ekuklwebhekeni nasekuqhekekeni, futhi linikeza ukubamba okukhululekile.
Lesi sihlungi siyisistimu enezingxenye ezimbili esingaphatha ukungcola okungaphezu kuka-30 amanye amathangi amanzi amaningi angakwazi ukukuphatha. Siqinisekiswe yi-NSF/ANSI ukunciphisa i-chlorine, i-mercury kanye ne-lead. Siphinde sihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziningi ezahlukene ezihlolwe yilabhorethri ezigunyaziwe zokubulala izinambuzane, imithi yokubulala ukhula kanye namakhemikhali athile ahlala njalo, futhi singahlanza amanzi agcwele amafu ngesihlabathi, uthuli noma olunye uthuli. Le nkampani ithi ungasebenzisa isihlungi ngesikhathi sokunikeza iseluleko samanzi abilayo, kodwa uma lokho kwenzeka endaweni yami, bengizowabilisa amanzi.
Inzuzo yesihlungi esinezicucu ezimbili ukuthi i-LifeStraw Home ingasusa inani elikhulu lokungcola. Ububi ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye idinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene. I-membrane ihlala cishe unyaka owodwa, kanti izihlungi ezincane zokushintshana nge-carbon ne-ion zidinga ukushintshwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili (noma cishe amalitha angu-40). Izindleko ngonyaka zicishe zibe ngu-$75, okuphakeme kunezinye izihlungi eziningi kulolu hlu. Abasebenzisi baphawule nokuthi ukuhlunga kuhamba kancane, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcwalisa isitsha ngaphambi kokusibuyisela esiqandisini. (Lokhu kuwukuhlonipha kwabanye abahlungi.)
Isihlungi samanzi se-Hydros Slim Pitch esingu-40-ounce sigwema uhlelo lokuhlunga olujwayelekile lwamathangi amabili esikhundleni sesivinini. Lesi sihlungi esincane kodwa esinamandla sisebenzisa isihlungi sekhabhoni segobolondo likakhukhunathi ukususa u-90% we-chlorine kanye no-99% wendle. Asiqondisi ezinye izinto ezingaba khona ezingcolisayo. Lesi sihlungi sokugcina esinezinkomishi ezinhlanu asinazo izibambo, kodwa kulula ukusibamba nokusigcwalisa, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kwabahlanzi abancane.
Umndeni onezingane ezincane eziphikelela ekutheleni iziphuzo zazo ungase ucabange ukuthi ukuntuleka kwesibambo kuyinto embi, kodwa kungena kalula emnyango wesiqandisi ngaphandle kokuthatha yonke indawo. I-Hydro Slim Pitcher iza nebhokisi elinemibala futhi isihlungi sitholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene njengombala onsomi, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobomvu, okwenza kube nomuzwa owengeziwe. Isihlungi singafakwa nesijovo samanzi ukuze sengeze iphunga lezithelo noma lezitshalo.
Izihlungi ze-Hydros zidinga ukushintshwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili, okuzokubiza cishe u-$30 ngonyaka. Ziyakwazi ukushintshaniswa neminye imikhiqizo ye-Hydros.
Isihlungi se-Brita high flow singesalabo abazonda ukulinda. Konke kusegameni: uma uthela amanzi, adlula esihlungini se-activated carbon esifakwe ku-spout. Noma ubani owake wazama ukugcwalisa ibhodlela lamanzi elingamagaloni uyazi ukuthi kuyinqubo enezinyathelo eziningi yejagi evamile. Kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ithangi lamanzi okungenani kanye bese ulinda ukuthi lidlule esihlungini. Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela, kodwa uyazi isisho esithi: amanzi awahlungwa. I-Brita Stream iqeda inqubo yokulinda.
Okubi ukuthi akusona isihlungi esinamandla esingcolisayo. Siqinisekiswe ukuthi sisusa ukunambitheka kwe-chlorine nephunga ngenkathi sigcina i-fluoride, amaminerali kanye nama-electrolyte. Lesi isihlungi sesiponji, ngokungafani nezinhlobo zezindlu zepulasitiki ezijwayelekile kweminye imikhiqizo yaseBrita. Izihlungi zidinga ukushintshwa njalo ngamalitha angu-40, futhi ngephakethe eliningi, ukuphakelwa konyaka kubiza cishe u-$38.
Ngo-$150, i-Aarke purifier ibiza kakhulu, kodwa yenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezihlanzekile njengengilazi nensimbi engagqwali futhi iza nesihlungi esingasetshenziswa kabusha. Mhlawumbe lena inketho enobungani nemvelo kakhulu kulolu hlu ngoba ayisebenzisi izihlungi zepulasitiki ezigcina zisemfucumfucwini ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Esikhundleni salokho, uhlelo lusebenzisa izinhlayiya zesihlungi ezakhiwa yi-Aarke ngokubambisana nenkampani yezobuchwepheshe bamanzi i-BWT.
Lezi zinhlayiya zinciphisa i-chlorine, izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye ne-limescale, okusiza ukuvimbela amabala ezitsheni zakho. Ama-pellet ahlala cishe amalitha angu-32 ngaphambi kokuba adingeke ashintshwe. Le nkampani inikeza izinhlobo ezimbili zama-pellet: ama-pellet amsulwa kanye nama-pellet agxilile, anezela i-magnesium futhi enze amanzi ompompi abe yi-alkaline. Amanani aqala ku-$20 kuya ku-$30 ngephakethe lamathathu.
I-pitcher ye-LARQ PureVis inikeza okuthile okuhlukile: i-pitcher isebenzisa inqubo enezinyathelo ezimbili ukuhlunga amanzi nokuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Amanzi aqala angene esihlungini sesitshalo se-NanoZero ukuze asuse i-chlorine, i-mercury, i-cadmium kanye nethusi. “Induku ye-UV” ye-pitcher ibe isikhipha ukukhanya ukuze ilwe namagciwane namagciwane emanzini.
I-LARQ idinga futhi ukushajwa njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili kusetshenziswa ishaja ye-USB-A efakiwe. Lonke ikhithi liza nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS kuphela olukusiza ukuthi ulandelele ukuthi kufanele ushintshe nini izihlungi nokuthi usebenzisa amanzi angakanani. Leli bhodlela lamanzi elifakwe amagajethi lizobiza cishe u-$170, kodwa cishe lizokhanga abantu abajwayele amadivayisi ahlakaniphile futhi balandelele izilinganiso ezahlukene zomuntu siqu (yingakho inkampani yenza ibhodlela lethu lamanzi elihlakaniphile eliyintandokazi). I-LARQ inikeza izigaba ezimbili zezihlungi, futhi yize zihlala isikhathi eside kunezihlungi eziningi kulolu hlu, ukunikezwa konyaka kuzokubuyisela emuva u-$100 wesihlungi sezinga lokuqala noma kufikela ku-$150 ngenguqulo ye-premium.
Imindeni emikhulu noma abantu okumele baphuze igaloni lamanzi ngosuku bangadinga i-PUR PLUS 30-Cup Water Filter. Lesi sitsha esikhulu sinomklamo omncane, ojulile kanye ne-spout evaliwe futhi sithengiswa cishe ngamaRandi angu-70. Izihlungi ze-PUR PLUS ziqinisekiswe ukunciphisa ezinye izinto ezingu-70 ezingcolisayo, okuhlanganisa i-lead, i-mercury kanye nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane. Zenziwe nge-activated carbon ezivela kumagobolondo kakhukhunathi. Zine-mineral core ethatha indawo yamaminerali athile angokwemvelo njenge-calcium ne-magnesium ukuze inikeze ukunambitheka okusha ngaphandle kokunambitheka noma iphunga le-chlorine. Kodwa zihlala amagalani angu-40 noma izinyanga ezimbili kuphela. Ukunikezwa konyaka lapho uthenga ama-multipack kuvame ukuba cishe ngamaRandi angu-50.
Inani lamanzi okufanele uwaphuze yinombolo yomuntu siqu, hhayi izingilazi zamanzi eziyisishiyagalombili esizizwile sisakhula. Ukuba namanzi anambitheka kahle kuzokusiza ukufeza imigomo yakho yokuphuza amanzi. Ama-water filter pitcher ngokuvamile ashibhile futhi anobungani nemvelo kunokugcina amanzi asemabhodleleni asetshenziswa kanye kuphela. Ukuze ukhethe i-pitcher efanele wena, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzicabangele.
Ipulasitiki iyinto esetshenziswa njalo kuma-pitcher amaningi kanye nempahla ebalulekile yama-filter amaningi. Nakuba kungaba nzima ukuthola imikhiqizo engenapulasitiki ngokuphelele, kunezinketho. Ezinye zinikeza izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu njengengilazi, insimbi engagqwali noma izingxenye ze-silicone zezinga lokudla. Hlola izincomo zomenzi ukuze ubone ukuthi ufuna ukuwasha ngesandla yini izingxenye noma ukuzibeka kumshini wokuwasha izitsha. Ukuthandwa kwama-pitcher ama-filter amanzi kuye kwabona abakhiqizi abaningi benaka ubuhle, ngakho ngeke kube nzima ukuthola inketho ekhangayo ozojabula ukuyishiya ekhawunteni lakho.
Izihlungi ziyahlukahluka ngezindleko, ukwakheka kanye nalokho ezikunciphisayo noma ezikususayo. Iningi lezihlungi kulokhu kubuyekezwa yi-activated carbon, emunca i-chlorine futhi inciphise i-asbestos, i-lead, i-mercury kanye namakhemikhali e-volatile organic. Uma unemibuzo ethile, njengokususwa kwamakhemikhali athile noma izinsimbi ezisindayo, vakashela iwebhusayithi yomenzi ukuze uthole idatha yokusebenza.
Asiyona ilabhorethri, ngakho-ke sikhetha imikhiqizo eqinisekiswe yi-NSF International noma i-Water Quality Association. Kodwa-ke, sibala imikhiqizo "ehlangabezana" nezindinganiso zokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri ezizimele.
Cabanga ukuthi umndeni wakho uphuza amanzi angakanani nokuthi isihlungi singaphatha amagaloni amangaki ngaphambi kokuba sidinge ukushintshwa. Isihlungi kumele sishintshwe ukuze ithangi liqhubeke nokusebenza. Amanye acubungula amagaloni angu-40 kuphela, ngakho-ke izindlu ezomile noma ezinkulu zingadinga ukushintshwa kwesihlungi ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezimbili. Isihlungi esenzelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside singaba yisinqumo esingcono. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukubala ukuthi kuzokubiza malini ukusishintsha phakathi nonyaka.
Ama-pitcher okuhlunga amanzi angcono kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwamanzi abo ompompi—bonke aba-pitcher abakulolu hlu bangakwenza lokho kanye. Amanye ama-pitcher okuhlunga amanzi angasusa ukungcola okwengeziwe kanye nokungcola, okunye okungakalawulwa, njengamakhemikhali aqhubekayo. (I-FYI, i-EPA yashicilela imithetho ephakanyisiwe ye-PFA ngoMashi.) Uma unesithakazelo kwikhwalithi yamanzi, ungahlola umbiko waminyaka yonke wekhwalithi yamanzi kuwebhusayithi ye-EPA, isizindalwazi se-Environmental Working Group esifakiwe ku-Tap Water noma uhlole amanzi asekhaya lakho.
Ama-pitcher okuhlunga amanzi ngokuvamile awasusi amabhaktheriya. Ama-pitcher amaningi okuhlunga amanzi asebenzisa izihlungi zokushintshanisa i-carbon noma i-ion, ezinganciphisi ama-microorganisms afana namabhaktheriya. Kodwa-ke, i-LifeStraw Home kanye ne-LARQ zinganciphisa noma zicindezele amanye amabhaktheriya zisebenzisa izihlungi ze-membrane kanye nokukhanya kwe-UV, ngokulandelana. Uma ukulawulwa kwamabhaktheriya kuyinto eza kuqala, bheka izinketho zokuhlanza amanzi noma uhlelo lokuhlunga oluhlukile ngokuphelele usebenzisa i-reverse osmosis.
Hlola incwadi yemiyalelo yomnikazi wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye okufanele zigezwe ngesandla nokuthi yiziphi ezingagezwa emshinini wokuwasha izitsha. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanza imbiza. Amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, kanye nephunga elibi kunganqwabelana kunoma yisiphi isitsha sasekhishini, futhi amambiza okuhlunga amanzi nawo awahlukile.
Bangani bami, akudingeki nihlale nomile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okubaluleke kakhulu kini ukukwazi ukukhokhela, ukusimama, noma umklamo omuhle, sithole ama-pitcher okuhlunga amanzi angcono kakhulu ekhaya lakho. Ijagi elikhulu lesihlungi samanzi saseBrita lamanzi ompompi namanzi okuphuza elinenkomba yokushintsha isihlungi se-SmartLight + isihlungi esisodwa esikhethekile. Ukukhetha kwethu isihlungi esingcono kakhulu esizungezile. Sibuyekeza isihlungi se-Brita sakudala, okwenza kube lula kakhulu. Ama-top, izibambo ezibanzi kanye nokuhlunga okuhlakaniphile kwemikhiqizo ehlala isikhathi eside kodwa ebiza kancane. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha yiphi, qiniseka ukuthi ushintsha isihlungi njalo ukuze uthole inzuzo ephezulu futhi unciphise ukungcola.
I-Popular Science yaqala ukubhala ngobuchwepheshe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-150 eyedlule. Lapho sishicilela uhlelo lwethu lokuqala ngo-1872, kwakungekho into efana "nokubhala amagajethi," kodwa uma yayikhona, umgomo wethu wokwenza umhlaba wokusungula izinto ezintsha ube yimfihlo kubafundi bansuku zonke kwakusho ukuthi sonke sasiku-. I-PopSci manje izinikele ngokuphelele ekusizeni abafundi ukuthi baqonde izinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivayisi emakethe.
Abalobi nabahleli bethu banesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi sokumboza nokubuyekeza ama-electronics abathengi. Sonke sinezintandokazi zethu - kusukela kumsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu kuya emidlalweni yevidiyo, amakhamera nokuningi - kodwa uma sicabangela imishini engaphandle kwesihlalo sethu esiseduze, senza konke okusemandleni ethu ukuthola amazwi nemibono ethembekile ukusiza abantu bakhethe iseluleko esingcono kakhulu. Siyazi ukuthi asazi konke, kodwa siyajabula ukuhlola ukukhubazeka kokuhlaziya okungabangelwa ukuthenga ku-inthanethi ukuze abafundi bangaphoqelekile.