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U-Tim Heffernan ungumbhali ohlanganisa izindaba zekhwalithi yomoya nezamanzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla esimeme. Ukuze ahlole abahlanzi, ukhetha ukusebenzisa intuthu yomdlalo we-Flare.
Umcimbi we-Amazon Prime Day ka-Okthoba usufikile! Lapha siqoqe zonke iziphakamiso ezibalulekile ezivela ku-Wirecutter.
Siphinde sengeze inketho enhle kakhulu, i-Cyclopure Purefast, isihlungi esithobelana ne-Brita esine-NSF/ANSI egunyazwe ukuncishiswa kwe-PFAS.
Uma ufuna indlela elula yokuthola amanzi okuphuza ahlungiwe ekhaya, sincoma Isihlungi se-Brita Elite esibhangqwe ne-Brita Standard Daily 10-cup pitcher noma (uma umndeni wakho usebenzisa amanzi amaningi) i-Brita 27-cup pitcher . Umshini wokukhipha amanzi i-Ultramax. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi ukhethe noma iyiphi yazo, yazi ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi yocwaningo lokuhlungwa kwamanzi asekhaya, sikholelwa ukuthi izihlungi ezingaphansi kukasinki noma ezingaphansi kompompi ziyinketho engcono kakhulu. Zihlala isikhathi eside, zilethe amanzi ahlanzekile ngokushesha, zinciphisa ukungcola, mancane amathuba okuba zivale, futhi zithatha imizuzu kuphela ukuzifaka.
Le modeli inezitifiketi ezingaphezu kuka-30 ze-ANSI/NSF—ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isihlungi ekilasini layo—futhi iklanyelwe ukuhlala izinyanga eziyisithupha phakathi kokushintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihlungi, ingavaleka.
Iketela lesignesha le-Brita lichaza kakhulu isigaba seketela lesihlungi futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyigcina ihlanzekile kunamanye amamodeli e-Brita amaningi.
Isikhiphi samanzi sase-Brita siphethe amanzi anele osuku olulodwa lomndeni omkhulu, futhi umpompi waso ongavuzi kulula ngokwanele ukuba izingane ziwusebenzise.
I-LifeStraw Home Water Dispenser ihlolwe ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ukuze isuse ukungcola okuningi, okuhlanganisa nomthofu, futhi isihlungi saso asijwayele ukuvaleka kunanoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizi esiwuhlolile.
Izinto zokuhlunga ze-Dexsorb zivivinywa kumazinga e-NSF/ANSI futhi zithwebula ngempumelelo inhlobonhlobo yamakhemikhali aphikelelayo (PFAS), okuhlanganisa i-PFOA ne-PFOS.
Le modeli inezitifiketi ezingaphezu kuka-30 ze-ANSI/NSF—ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isihlungi ekilasini layo—futhi iklanyelwe ukuhlala izinyanga eziyisithupha phakathi kokushintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihlungi, ingavaleka.
Isihlungi se-Brita esisebenza kahle kakhulu isihlungi se-Brita Elite. Iqinisekisiwe nge-ANSI/NSF futhi ihlunga ukungcola okuningi kunanoma yisiphi esinye isihlungi esifunzwa amandla adonsela phansi esike sayihlola; lezi zihlanganisa ukuhola, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-PFOA ne-PFOS, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezimboni zezimboni ezitholakala ngokwandayo emanzini ompompi. “Ukungcola okusha” kukhona. Iphila amalitha angu-120 noma izinyanga eziyisithupha, okuyimpilo ephindwe kathathu kunezinye izihlungi eziningi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungenza isihlungi se-Elite sishibhe kunesihlungi esivame kakhulu sezinyanga ezimbili. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba kudlule izinyanga eziyisithupha, inzika emanzini ingase iwavale. Uma wazi ukuthi amanzi akho kampompi ahlanzekile kodwa ufuna nje anambitheke kangcono, ikakhulukazi uma enuka njenge-chlorine, isisefo esijwayelekile se-Brita water pitcher nesihlungi sokukhipha amanzi kubiza kancane futhi mancane amathuba okuthi avale, kodwa asiqinisekisiwe. umthofu noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yezimboni.
Iketela lesignesha le-Brita lichaza kakhulu isigaba seketela lesihlungi futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyigcina ihlanzekile kunamanye amamodeli e-Brita amaningi.
Phakathi kwamabhodlela amaningi amanzi e-Brita, intandokazi yethu yi-Brita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Idizayini ye-no-nooks-and-cracks yenza ukuhlanza kube lula kunezinye izimbiza ze-Brita, futhi isivalo sesandla esisodwa senza ukugcwalisa kube lula nakakhulu. Isibambo saso esimise okwe-C esigobile sikhululekile kakhulu kunesibambo esimise okwe-angular esitholakala kumabhodlela amaningi e-Brita.
Isikhiphi samanzi sase-Brita siphethe amanzi anele osuku olulodwa lomndeni omkhulu, futhi umpompi waso ongavuzi kulula ngokwanele ukuba izingane ziwusebenzise.
Isikhiphi samanzi se-Brita Ultramax siphethe cishe izinkomishi zamanzi ezingu-27 (izinkomishi ezingu-18 endaweni yokugcina amanzi kanye nezinye izinkomishi ezingu-9 noma ezingu-10 endaweni yokugcina amanzi). Ukwakheka kwayo okuzacile konga isikhala esiqandisini, futhi umpompi uvaleka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuthululwa ukuze uvimbele ukuchichima. Lena indlela elula yokuhlala unamanzi abandayo ahlungiwe anele.
I-LifeStraw Home Water Dispenser ihlolwe ngendlela enokwethenjelwa ukuze isuse ukungcola okuningi, okuhlanganisa nomthofu, futhi isihlungi saso asijwayele ukuvaleka kunanoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizi esiwuhlolile.
Sisebenzise amalitha angu-2.5 amanzi angcoliswe ukugqwala kakhulu ngesikhipha amanzi sasekhaya se-LifeStraw, futhi nakuba amanzi ehle kancane ngasekupheleni, ukuhlunga akuzange kume. Kulabo abahlangabezane nama-clog kwezinye izihlungi zamanzi (kuhlanganise ne-top pick yethu i-Brita Elite) noma abafuna isixazululo samanzi kampompi agqwalile noma angcolile, lesi sihlungi siyisinqumo sethu esicacile. I-LifeStraw iphinde ibe nezitifiketi ezine ze-ANSI/NSF (i-chlorine, ukunambitheka nephunga, umthofu ne-mercury) futhi iye yahlolwa ngokuzimela ilabhorethri eqinisekisiwe ukuze ihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziningi ezengeziwe zokuqeda ukungcola kwe-ANSI/NSF.
Izinto zokuhlunga ze-Dexsorb zivivinywa kumazinga e-NSF/ANSI futhi zithwebula ngempumelelo inhlobonhlobo yamakhemikhali aphikelelayo (PFAS), okuhlanganisa i-PFOA ne-PFOS.
Izihlungi ze-Cyclopure Purefast zisebenzisa into efanayo ye-Dexsorb esetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ukususa unomphela amakhemikhali (PFAS) emanzini omphakathi. Ilingana nezimbiza neziphakeli zethu ze-Brita ezinconyiwe. Ilinganiselwe kumalitha angu-65 futhi ihlunga ngokushesha ekuhlolweni kwethu futhi ayinciphisi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba njenganoma yisiphi isihlungi samandla adonsela phansi, uma kunenhlabathi eningi emanzini ingase ivaleke. Isihlungi sibuye sifike nephakheji ekhokhelwa kusengaphambili; thumela isihlungi esisetshenzisiwe emuva ku-Cyclopure futhi inkampani izosicubungula ukuze sicekele phansi noma iyiphi i-PFAS ethunjiwe ukuze ingasakwazi ukungena endaweni. I-Brita ngokwayo ayikukhuthazi ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi zezinkampani zangaphandle, kodwa uma kubhekwa ukuthi zombili izihlungi ze-Purefast nezinto ze-Dexsorb zigunyazwe yi-NSF/ANSI ukuze zehlise i-PFAS, sizizwa siqiniseka ngokuzincoma. Qaphela ukuthi ithwebula kuphela i-PFAS ne-chlorine. Uma ukhathazekile ngezinye izinto, cabangela i-Brita Elite;
Bengilokhu ngihlola izihlungi zamanzi ze-Wirecutter kusukela ngo-2016. Embikweni wami, ngikhulume isikhathi eside ne-NSF kanye ne-Water Quality Institute, izinhlangano ezimbili ezinkulu zokunikeza izitifiketi zokuhlunga e-United States, ukuze ngiqonde ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwazo kwenziwa kanjani. Ngixoxisane nabamele abakhiqizi abaningi bokuhlunga amanzi ukuze baphikise izimangalo zabo. Ngisebenzise izihlungi ezimbalwa kanye nezimbiza eminyakeni edlule ngoba ukuqina kukonke, ukukhululeka kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa, kanye nobungane bomsebenzisi konke kubaluleke kakhulu kokuthile okusebenzisa izikhathi eziningi ngosuku.
Owayengusosayensi we-NOAA uJohn Holecek ucwaninge futhi wabhala inguqulo yangaphambili yalo mhlahlandlela, wazihlola ngokwakhe, futhi wanikeza ukuhlolwa okuzimele okwengeziwe.
Lo mhlahlandlela owalabo abafuna isisefo samanzi sesitayela se-pitcher esigcwalisa amanzi abo kampompi futhi sigcinwe esiqandisini sabo.
Inzuzo yesihlungi se-pitcher ukuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Okufanele ukwenze ukuwagcwalisa empompini bese ulinda ukuthi isihlungi sisebenze. Futhi zivamise ukushibhile ukuzithenga, nezihlungi ezishintshayo (ngokuvamile ezidingeka njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili) ngokuvamile zibiza ngaphansi kuka-$15.
Banezinkinga eziningana. Bangakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo uhla oluncane kakhulu lokungcola kunezihlungi eziningi ezingaphansi kukasinki noma ezingaphansi kompompi ngoba zithembele kumandla adonsela phansi kunokucindezela kwamanzi, okudinga isihlungi esiminyene kancane.
Ukuthembela kumandla adonsela phansi futhi kusho ukuthi izihlungi ze-pitcher ziyanensa: ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi okukodwa okuvela endaweni yokugcina amanzi kungathatha amaminithi angu-5 kuya kwangu-15 ukuze kudlule isihlungi, futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukugcwalisa kaningana ukuze kutholwe imbiza egcwele yamanzi ahlanzekile. .
Izihlungi zejeke zivame ukuvaleka ngenxa yenhlabathi emanzi kampompi noma amabhamuza omoya amancane avela kuma-aerators ompompi.
Ngalezi zizathu, sincoma ukuthi ufake isihlungi ngaphansi kukasinki noma kumpompi uma izimo zisidinga.
E-United States, amanzi omphakathi alawulwa yi-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ngaphansi koMthetho Wamanzi Okuphuza Aphephile, futhi izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi zomphakathi eziphuma emanzini kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi. Nokho, akuzona zonke izinto ezingase zibe ukungcola ezilawulwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola kungangena ngemva kokuba amanzi ephuma endaweni yokuhlanza ngamapayipi avuzayo noma (uma kungumthofu) ngokuvuza emapayipini ngokwawo. Ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi okwenziwe noma ukushaywa indiva esitshalweni kungase kube kubi nakakhulu ukugeleza kwamapayipi angezansi komfula, njengoba kwenzeka e-Flint, eMichigan.
Ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela emanzini omphakeli wakho, ungakwazi ukusesha ku-inthanethi Umbiko Wokuqiniseka Komthengi wendawo (CCR) womnikezeli wakini wasendaweni we-EPA-approved Confidence Report (CCR). Uma kungenjalo, bonke abaphakeli bamanzi bomphakathi kudingeka ukuthi bakunikeze ama-CCR abo uma bewacela.
Kodwa ngenxa yokungcola okungaba khona ezansi nomfula, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi yini esemanzini endlu yakho ukuwahlola. Ilabhorethri yangakini yekhwalithi yamanzi ingenza lokhu, noma ungasebenzisa ikhithi yokuhlola yasekhaya. Sibheke eziyi-11 zazo kumhlahlandlela wethu futhi sahlabeka umxhwele nge-SimpleLab's Tap Score, okulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inikeza umbiko onemininingwane, obhalwe ngokucacile walokho, uma kukhona, ukungcola okusemanzini akho ompompi.
Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi kamasipala we-SimpleLab Tap Score okuthuthukisiwe kunikeza ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kwamanzi okuphuza futhi kunikeze imiphumela efundeka kalula.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sincoma kuphela izihlungi ongazethemba, kudala sigcizelela ukuthi ukukhetha kwethu kufinyelele izinga legolide: Isitifiketi se-ANSI/NSF. I-American National Standards Institute (ANSI) kanye ne-National Science Foundation (NSF) yizinhlangano ezizimele, ezingenzi nzuzo ezisebenzisana ne-Environmental Protection Agency, abakhiqizi nabanye ochwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe amazinga aqinile ekhwalithi nokuhlola izinkulungwane zemikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa nezivumelwano zamanzi. isihlungi.
Kube ngemva kokusebenzisa amasampula “okuhlola”, ayengcoliswe kakhulu kunamanzi amaningi kampompi, lapho izihlungi zikwazi ukuhlangabezana namazinga okunikeza izitifiketi, okwedlula ngokuphawulekayo ubude bazo obulindelwe.
Amalabhorethri amabili amakhulu anikeza izitifiketi zokuhlunga amanzi yi-NSF ngokwayo kanye neNhlangano Yekhwalithi Yamanzi (WQA). Kokubili kugunyazwe ngokugcwele yi-ANSI kanye noMkhandlu Wamazinga WaseCanada eNyakatho Melika futhi bangenza ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi se-ANSI/NSF.
Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka yenkulumo-mpikiswano yangaphakathi, manje sesamukela nolimi oluxegayo “lokuhlola amazinga e-ANSI/NSF” esikhundleni sokuthola isitifiketi esisemthethweni, ngaphansi kwemibandela embalwa eqinile: Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ilabhorethri ezimele, hhayi ozimele. ilabhorethri. Umkhiqizi wesihlungi; okwesibili, ilabhorethri ngokwayo igunyazwe yi-ANSI noma ezinye izinhlangano zikazwelonke noma ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuqinile ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezimisiwe; okwesithathu, umenzi udalula ulwazi mayelana nelabhorethri yokuhlola, imiphumela nezindlela zayo; Umkhiqizi unolwazi olunzulu lokudala izihlungi ezifakazele ukuthi ziphephile, zithembekile futhi zichazwe ngokwethembeka.
Siphinde sayinciphisa yaba izihlungi eziqinisekisiwe noma ezilingana okungenani namazinga amabili amakhulu e-ANSI/NSF (Okujwayelekile 42 kanye ne-Standard 53) (okumboza i-chlorine nokunye ukungcola “kobuhle” nezinsimbi ezinzima njengomthofu, ngokulandelana) njengezibulala-zinambuzane. nezinye izinto eziphilayo). Izinga elisha le-401 lihlanganisa “ukungcola okuvelayo,” okufana nemithi, okutholakala ngokwandayo emanzini e-United States, yingakho sinaka ngokukhethekile izihlungi.
Saqala ukuthungatha amaketela anomthamo wezinkomishi eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-11 kanye neziphakeli zamanzi ezinkulu, eziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amanzi. (Izinkampani eziningi zinikeza nezimbiza ezincane kulabo abangadingi imodeli yosayizi ogcwele.)
Sibe sesiqhathanisa imininingwane yokuklama (kuhlanganise nesitayela sesibambo nokunethezeka), ukufakwa kalula kwesihlungi nokushintshwa, isikhala imbiza ne-dispenser esithatha esiqandisini, kanye nesilinganiso sevolumu yethangi lokugcwalisa elingaphezulu kuya ngaphansi “kwesihlungi” ithangi. (Uma isilinganiso siphezulu, siba ngcono, njengoba uzothola amanzi ahlungiwe amaningi njalo uma usebenzisa umpompi.)
Senze izivivinyo ezimbalwa kuzihlungi ezimbalwa ngo-2016, siqhathanisa imiphumela yethu nezitifiketi ze-ANSI/NSF kanye nezimangalo zomkhiqizi. Elabhorethri yakhe, uJohn Holecek wakala izinga isisefo ngasinye esikhipha ngaso i-chlorine. Ezinkethweni zethu ezimbili zokuqala, senze inkontileka yokuhlolwa kokukhipha umthofu okuzimele kusetshenziswa izixazululo zokungcolisa umthofu ezingaphezu kwalokho ezidingwa yi-NSF esivumelwaneni sayo sokunikeza izitifiketi.
Esikuthathayo okuyinhloko ekuhlolweni kwethu ukuthi isitifiketi se-ANSI/NSF noma isitifiketi esilinganayo siyinkomba ethembekile yokusebenza kwesihlungi. Lokhu akumangazi uma kubhekwa uhlobo oluqinile lwamazinga okunikeza izitifiketi. Kusukela lapho, siye sathembela kusitifiketi se-ANSI/NSF noma isitifiketi esifanayo ukuze sinqume ukusebenza kwesihlungi esinikeziwe.
Ukuhlola kwethu okulandelayo kugxile ekusebenzisekeni komhlaba wangempela, kanye nezici ezingokoqobo nokushiyeka okubonakala kuphela lapho uqala ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Le modeli inezitifiketi ezingaphezu kuka-30 ze-ANSI/NSF—ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isihlungi ekilasini layo—futhi iklanyelwe ukuhlala izinyanga eziyisithupha phakathi kokushintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihlungi, ingavaleka.
Izihlungi ze-Brita Elite (ngaphambili ezaziyi-Longlast+) ziyi-ANSI/NSF egunyazwe ukuthola ukungcola (PDF) okungaphezu kuka-30, okuhlanganisa ukuhola, i-mercury, i-microplastics, i-asbestos, kanye ne-PFAS emibili evamile: i-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) ne-perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Lokhu kusenza sibe isihlungi se-pitcher esiqinisekiswe kakhulu esisihlolile, futhi esisodwa esiyincomayo kulabo abafuna ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu.
Kufakazelwa ukususa amanye amabala amaningi ajwayelekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-chlorine (efakwa emanzini ukuze kwehliswe amagciwane nezinye izifo futhi iyimbangela eyinhloko yamanzi ampompi anambitheka kabi); i-carbon tetrachloride, isakhi esishintshashintshayo sezinto eziphilayo esilimaza isibindi futhi sitholakala ngokuqhubekayo emanzini; “Izinhlanganisela ezintsha” zatholwa, kuhlanganise ne-bisphenol A (BPA), i-DEET (isidakamizwa esixosha izinambuzane esivamile) ne-estrone (uhlobo lokwenziwa lwe-estrogen).
Ngenkathi izihlungi eziningi ze-pitcher zinomjikelezo wokubuyisela wawo wonke amalitha angu-40 noma izinyanga ezimbili, i-Elite inomjikelezo wokubuyisela wamamalitha angu-120 noma izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngokombono, lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga kuphela ukusebenzisa izihlungi ezimbili ze-Elite ngonyaka esikhundleni seziyisithupha, udale udoti omncane futhi wehlise izindleko zokugcwalisa cishe ngo-50%.
Ngesihlungi se-pitcher, sisebenza ngokushesha. Ezivivinyweni zethu, isihlungi esisha se-Elite sithathe imizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa nje ukugcwalisa. Izihlungi ezinosayizi ofanayo esizihlolile zithatha isikhathi eside—ngokuvamile imizuzu eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.
Kodwa kukhona i-caveat. Njengazo zonke izihlungi ze-pitcher, i-Elite ingavaleka kalula, enganciphisa izinga layo lokuhlunga noma ivimbele ukuthi ihlunge ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uyishintshe kaningi. Abaningi, abanikazi abaningi baye bakhononda ngalolu daba, futhi ekuhlolweni kwethu, ama-Elite aqala ukuma ngaphambi kokufinyelela umthamo wawo wama-gallon angu-120. Uma unenkinga eyaziwayo ngenhlabathi emanzini akho kampompi (okuvame ukuba uphawu lwamapayipi agqwalile), umuzwa wakho cishe uzofana.
Futhi ungase ungakudingi konke ukuvikelwa kwabaphezulu. Uma wazi ukuthi amanzi akho kampompi awekhwalithi enhle (lokhu kunganqunywa kusetshenziswa isihloli sasekhaya), sincoma ukuthi usebenzise imbiza eyisisekelo yesikhipha amanzi se-Brita Standard kanye nesihlungi. Inezitifiketi ezinhlanu kuphela ze-ANSI/NSF (PDF), okuhlanganisa i-chlorine (kodwa hhayi i-lead, i-organics, noma ukungcola okusha), okude kakhulu nezinga lesitifiketi i-Elite enaso. Kodwa yisihlungi esingabizi kakhulu, esivala kancane esingathuthukisa ukunambitheka kwamanzi akho.